49; 95% CI, -0.86 to -0.11; versus inpatients SMD = -0.20; 95% CI, -0.43 to 0.03). Adverse effects included tachycardia and tremors.

Authors’ Conclusions: Bronchodilators do not improve oxygen

saturation, do not reduce hospital admission after outpatient treatment, do not shorten the duration of hospitalization, and do not reduce the time to resolution of illness at home. The small improvements in clinical scores for outpatients must be weighed against the costs FRAX597 and adverse effects of bronchodilators.”
“Purpose: Fall-related fracture is one of the most disabling features of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD). A better understanding of the associated factors selleck products is needed to predict PD patients who will require treatment.

Methods: This prospective study enrolled 100 adult idiopathic PD patients. Stepwise logistic regressions were used to evaluate the relationships between clinical factors and

fall-related fracture.

Results: Falls occurred in 56 PD patients, including 32 with fall-related fractures. The rate of falls in the study period was 2.2 +/- 1.4 per 18 months. The percentage of osteoporosis was 34% (19/56) and 11% in PD patients with and without falls, respectively. Risk factors associated with fall-related fracture were sex, underlying knee osteoarthritis, mean Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale score, mean Morse fall scale,

mean Hoehn and Yahr stage, and exercise habit. By stepwise logistic regression, sex and mean Morse fall scale were independently associated with fall-related fracture. Females had an odds ratio of 3.8 compared to males and the cut-off value of the Morse fall scale for predicting fall-related fracture was 72.5 (sensitivity 72% and specificity 70%).

Discussion: Higher mean Morse fall scales (>72.5) and female sex are associated with higher risk of fallrelated fractures. Preventing falls in the high-risk PD group is an important safety issue and highly relevant for their quality of life. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“A 41-year-old woman, who had no thrombotic risk factors and past history except congenital SIS3 solubility dmso scoliosis, underwent central venous catheterization (CVC) before correction of the scoliosis. When internal jugular vein (IJV) catheterization using the anatomical landmark technique failed, CVC under ultrasound guidance was tried. As a consequence, thrombosis and hypoplasia of the right IJV were incidentally detected by ultrasonography. Central venous catheters were then successfully placed in other veins under ultrasound guidance. Also, after examinations to rule out the possibility of pulmonary embolism and to clarify the causes of the IJV thrombosis, the patient was found to have protein S deficiency.