[6] The risk of folate deficiency is also increased during pregnancy (mainly during periods of rapid fetal growth) and lactation (when folate is lost in breast milk).[7] In pregnancy, among other complications, the risk of neural tube defects[8] may be increased up to Selleckchem JNK-IN-8 10-fold, depending on folate

status.[7] Furthermore, deficiencies of folate and iron usually occur together, are particularly common during pregnancy, lactation, and the post-partum period, and are the two leading causes of nutritional deficiency anemia.[9] However, it has been reported that concomitant eFT508 manufacturer administration of iron and folic acid facilitates a better physiological response to the treatment of iron deficiency in pregnancy than iron alone.[10] Neither iron nor folic acid has been shown to be pharmacologically active, but CH5424802 in vivo both play complex roles in the normal metabolism of the body. Both iron and folate are necessary for the normal functioning of the hematopoietic system, as well as many other essential

metabolic processes.[7] The WHO recommends universal supplementation for all pregnant women with iron 60 mg/day and folic acid 400 μg/day, from as early as possible in pregnancy.[11] However, despite this, anemia continues to be one of the most common causes of disease in pregnancy.[6,11] Different combinations of iron- and folic acid-containing supplements are commercially available,

some of which contain similar amounts of elemental iron. However, there are no published studies comparing the bioavailability and bioequivalence of these combinations containing both iron and folic acid. Indeed, evaluating the in vivo bioequivalence of such supplements Cytidine deaminase can be difficult to manage, because iron is both a physiological constituent of the body and is present in variable quantities in food. Similarly, the formulation (e.g. a slow-release formulation) and solubility of the particular iron salt can also influence the bioavailability.[12–14] In these cases, in vitro dissolution may be a more appropriate assessment method. Furthermore, iron-containing drugs have undesirable side effects on the gastric mucosa; therefore, it is common to design oral slow-release formulations in order to improve tolerability and adherence to treatment.[15] Under these conditions, it might be appropriate to evaluate the release rate of iron over time by performing a dissolution test.[16] These tests evaluate the in vitro dissolution rate (giving important information on the probable bioavailability of the products) and allow assessment of the degree of similarity between products to indicate their in vitro bioequivalence.[17] The aim of this study was to compare the in vitro dissolution of six tablets of two iron- and folic acid-containing supplements, Folifer® and Ferroliver®.