3 26.5 3.1 10.5 0.9 2.7 0.5 0.0 0.0 18.0 0.0 0.4 The mean refers to the average of the six unprotected study areas; the protected Havel area is presented as a PX-478 supplier reference The situation was completely different in the Havel area. Habitat fragmentation The various investigated measures of landscape structure indicated similarly selleck chemicals large changes over the 50-year period for wet and species-rich mesic meadows, except for the protected
Havel area where only very small changes occurred (Table 4). Effective mesh size (MESH), which gives the degree CFTRinh-172 mw of fragmentation, dramatically decreased in the wet meadow area from a mean of 24.14 to 0.25 ha (p ≤ 0.05). In contrast, in the protected Havel area, AM and MESH remained more or less constant, indicating constancy in
the degree of habitat fragmentation during the past decades. Table 4 Landscape metrics for wet meadows, species-rich mesic meadows and their combined areas in the seven floodplain study areas Study area Year of first inventory Number find more of patches 1950/1960s Number of patches 2008 Remaining number of patches (%) Patch density 1950/1960s (n 100 ha−1) Patch density 2008 (n 100 ha−1) Mean patch size 1950/1960s (ha) Mean patch size 2008 (ha) Effective mesh size 1950/1960s (ha) Effective mesh size 2008 (ha) Wet meadows Ems 1956 231 111
48.1 59.2 28.5 60.1 1.6 37.36 0.12 Weser 1954 48 13 27.1 30.9 8.4 17.9 0.8 11.54 0.02 Aue 1946 26 40 153.8 9.8 15.2 3.3 1.0 0.36 0.03 Helme 1969 203 32 15.8 18.8 3.0 30.2 9.3 16.08 0.86 Luppe 1967 10 8 80.0 5.4 4.3 3.8 0.9 0.45 0.01 Nuthe 1958 29 45 155.2 7.7 12.0 86.3 3.3 79.04 0.43 Mean (±SD) 91.2 (±90.0) 41.5 (±33.8) 80.0 (±56.3) 22.0 (±18.7) 11.9 (±8.5) 33.6* (±30.4) 2.8* (±3.0) 24.1* (±27.5) 0.25* (±0.3) Havel 1953 18 37 205.6 6.2 12.6 11.5 12.3 4.29 4.22 Species-rich mesic meadows Ems 1956 230 19 8.3 59.0 4.9 4.2 2.4 1.19 0.05 Weser 1954 61 11 18.0 39.3 7.1 2.0 2.4 0.57 0.11 Aue 1946 88 6 6.8 33.3 2.3 6.5 2.2 3.89 0.04 Helme 1969 86 16 18.6 8.0 1.5 1.6 2.2 0.05 0.02 Luppe 1967 16 16 100.0 8.6 8.6 16.2 1.1 8.08 0.04 Nuthe 1958 51 14 27.5 13.6 3.7 1.2 1.0. 0.09 0.02 Mean (±SD) 88.7 (±67.6) 13.7 (±4.2) 29.9 (±32.1) 27.0 (±18.7) 4.7 (±2.5) 5.3 (±5.2) 2.1 (±0.5) 2.3* (±2.9) 0.05* (±0.03) Havel 1953 13 12 92.3 4.4 4.1 11.7 8.9 2.86 1.00 Floodplain meadows (total) Ems 1956 110 120 109.1 28.2 30.8 65.