Before and after intravenous administration of fluorescein, centr

Before and after intravenous administration of fluorescein, central airways and alveolar structures were evaluated. Results: Fluorescein administration did not permit imaging of epithelial cells in the central airways. In the lung periphery, alveolar walls and partially macrophages could be seen in native imaging, as expected. After administration of fluorescein, alveoli were almost filled with foam in areas with normal lung tissue.

The origin of this foam was shown to be artificial. Furthermore, in patients with pathologies of the lung parenchyma, dark neoplastic and inflammatory cells adjacent to the alveolar walls were identified. No relevant side effects of fluorescein administration could NCT-501 inhibitor be observed. Conclusions: Fluorescein-aided CLE of the lung Sonidegib in vivo appeared to be safe and well tolerated. While the lack of staining of cells in the central airways was a major limitation, it permitted analysis of the lung interstitium and alveolar space and thus emerges as a new

approach for the in vivo analysis of interstitial lung diseases. Copyright (C) 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel”
“Percutaneous spine procedures may occasionally be difficult and subject to complications. Navigation using a dynamic reference base (DRB) may ease the procedure. Yet, besides other shortcomings, its fixation demands additional incisions and thereby defies the percutaneous character of the procedure.

A new concept of atraumatic referencing was invented including a special epiDRB. The accuracy of navigated needle placement in soft tissue and bone was experimentally scrutinised. Axial and pin-point deviations

from the buy LCL161 planned trajectory were investigated with a CT-based 3D computer system. Clinical evaluation in a series of ten patients was also done.

The new epiDRB proved convenient and reliable. Its fixation to the skin with adhesive foil provided a stable reference for navigation that improves the workflow of percutaneous interventions, reduces radiation exposure and helps avoid complications.

Percutaneous spine interventions can be safely and accurately navigated using epiDRB with minimal trauma or radiation exposure and without additional skin incisions.”
“Background: Recently, nicotine administration has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of a variety of innate immune responses, including endotoxin-induced sepsis. Objective: It was the aim of this study to evaluate the effect of nicotine on attenuating lung injury and improving the survival in mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Methods: ALI was induced in mice by intratracheal instillation of LPS (3 mg/ml). The mice received intratracheal instillation of nicotine (50, 250 and 500 mu g/kg) before or after LPS administration. Pulmonary histological changes were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin stain, and lung wet/dry weight ratios were observed.

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