Coat color, mane and tail color, age and gender were recorded with results of ophthalmic examination.
Results Ocular abnormalities detected most frequently consisted of cysts arising from the posterior iris, ciliary body, and peripheral retina, curvilinear streaks of retinal pigmented epithelium extending from the peripheral temporal retina, and retinal dysplasia (folds). One Miniature Horse also had multiple ocular abnormalities (cornea globosa, goniosynechiae, decreased or absent and pupillary light reflexes, miotic and dyscoric pupils, iris hypoplasia, and epinuclear cataract). Ocular abnormalities were observed in horses that had
a flaxen or white mane and tail color and a chocolate coat color.
Conclusions Abnormal ocular phenotype detected in eyes of Miniature Horses was similar to multiple congenital and BX-795 ic50 JNK-IN-8 manufacturer hereditary ocular abnormalities reported in the Rocky Mountain Horse. Phenotypic ocular developmental abnormalities and coat, mane and tail color
were most compatible with a heterozygous or homozygous effect of the Silver Dapple locus.”
“The objective of this study is to perform a cross-country comparison of cancer treatment costs in the Nordic countries, and to demonstrate the added value of decomposing documented costs in interpreting national differences.
The study is based on individual-level data from national patient and prescription drug registers, and data on cancer prevalence from the NORDCAN database. Hospital costs were estimated on the basis of information on diagnosis-related groups (DRG) cost weights and national unit costs. Differences in per capita costs were decomposed into two stages: stage one separated the price and volume components, and stage two decomposed the volume component, relating the level of activity to service needs
and availability.
Differences in the per capita costs of cancer treatment between the Nordic countries may be as much as 30 per cent. National differences in the costs of treatment mirror observed differences in total health care costs. Differences in health care costs between countries may relate to different sources of variation with different policy implications. Comparisons of per capita spending alone can be misleading if the purpose is to evaluate, for example, differences 3-MA mw in service provision and utilisation. The decomposition analysis helps to identify the relative influence of differences in the prevalence of cancer, service utilisation and productivity. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“In the present study, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) standardized with vesicular fluid of Taenia solium cysticerci was used to screen for IgG (total and subclasses) and IgE antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients with neurocysticercosis showing intrathecal production of specific IgG antibodies and patients with other neurological disorders.