Of the 16 patients who recovered consciousness, 7 recovered without transplantation (spontaneous survival) and 3 died of congestive heart failure, sepsis, or respiratory failure. Two underwent living-related liver transplantation. The remaining 4 patients were candidates for liver transplantation, but these 4 patients died without transplantation because of the lack of a living donor candidate. In patients who were candidates for transplantation but died without it, on-line

Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical HDF was performed in 11-27 sessions (mean, 16.8 ± 3.5 sessions) and plasma exchange was performed in all patients, with 9-17 sessions (mean 11.3 ± 1.9 sessions) over a period of 13-42 days (mean 21.0 ± 7.0 days). During ALS with on-line HDF, these patients showed clear consciousness; however, they died of severe hepatic failure 2-4 days after the termination of intensive

Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical medical care. Final liver volumes, estimated by CT or proven by autopsy, done ranged from 332 to 467 mL (mean 375.0 ± 31.5 mL). Autopsy specimens from 1 patient revealed no sign of regeneration of the liver pathologically. Figure ​Figure22 shows the changes of serum bilirubin and ammonia levels during first ten days after the start of ALS dividing it into two groups of the 7 patients with spontaneous survival and the 4 patients who died of liver failure. The serum bilirubin levels increased gradually in both groups, whereas the serum ammonia Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical levels of the patients with spontaneous Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical survival decreased to less than 100 μg/dL on the 7th day after the start of the treatment with a constant tendency. Figure 2 The changes of the serum bilirubin and ammonia levels during first ten days after the start of artificial liver support. The solid line and dashed line shows the values of the patients who survived hepatic failure without transplantation (Case 1, 7, 8, … Significant correlation was observed selleck chemicals 17-AAG between Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical the degree of encephalopathy (stage of hepatic encephalopathy and Glasgow Coma Scale) at the start of on-line HDF and the number of

sessions of on-line HDF from the start of the treatment to recovery of consciousness (Figure ​(Figure3).3). However, no significant correlation Drug_discovery was observed between the number of sessions of on-line HDF from the start of the treatment to recovery of consciousness and the following parameters: patient’s age, asparatate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, PT, and ammonia at the start of on-line HDF. There were also no significant differences between 7 patients who survived hepatic failure without transplantation and 4 patients who died of hepatic failure with respect to the average time from disease onset to hospital admission, and the number of sessions of on-line HDF from the start of the treatment to recovery of consciousness. Figure 3 Correlation between the degree of encephalopathy and the number of sessions of on-line hemodiafiltration to recovery of consciousness.