Similar observations were made for the total score of these questionnaires (Fig. 3). selleck chemicals Patients with a fracture on the right side had significantly higher BIBF 1120 chemical structure scores immediately after the fracture for the IOF physical function domain [right vs left, median (interquartile range, IQR): 89 (75, 96) vs 71 (61, 86), P = 0.002]. A fracture on the dominant side was associated with higher scores than a fracture on the non-dominant side with regard to physical function [89 (75, 96) vs 70 (59, 82), P < 0.001] and overall score [67 (54, 79) vs 56 (47, 67), P = 0.016]. The latter is shown in Fig. 4. Patients undergoing surgical treatment had lower scores of Qualeffo-41, indicating better quality of life, on general health

(P = 0.013) and mental health check details (P = 0.004) than patients with non-surgical treatment. Patients

using analgesics had a higher scores of the IOF-wrist fracture questionnaire on pain (P = 0.009), on physical function (P = 0.001) and a higher overall score (P = 0.002) than patients not using analgesics. Table 5 Comparison of IOF-wrist domain and EQ-5D scores over time   IOF-wrist EQ-5D Pain Upper limb symptoms Physical function General health Overall score Overall score Baseline 50 (25, 50) 25 (8, 42) 75 (61, 93) 75 (50, 75) 60 (50, 73) 0.59 (0.26, 0.72) 104 104 105 92 105 104 6 weeks 25 (25, 50) 29 (8,42) 57 (36, 79) 50 (25, 75) 48 (31, 65) 0.66 (0.59, 0.78) 0.002 0.688 <0.001 0.001 <0.001 <0.001 Interleukin-3 receptor 98 98 98 95 98 97 3 months 25 (25, 50) 25 (8, 42) 25 (11, 46) 25 (0, 50) 25 (13, 46) 0.76 (0.66, 0.88) <0.001 0.007 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 89 89 89 88 89

85 6 months 25 (0, 50) 17 (8, 33) 14 (0, 33) 25 (0, 50) 15 (4, 34) 0.78 (0.69, 1.00) <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 87 87 87 87 87 86 12 months 0 (0, 25) 8 (0, 25) 4 (0, 29) 0 (0, 25) 8 (2, 27) 0.80 (0.69, 1.00) <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 87 87 87 86 87 85 Data presented as: median score (IQR) p value for difference between time point score and baseline score No. of subjects Fig. 2 IOF-wrist fracture median domain scores by time point Fig. 3 IOF-wrist fracture and Qualeffo-41 (spine) median overall scores by time point Fig. 4 IOF-wrist fracture median overall score by side of fracture and by time point Utility data could be calculated from the EQ-5D results. Immediately after the fracture, the utility was 0.59, increasing to 0.76 after 3 months and to 0.80 after 1 year. Assuming that the quality of life and the utility after 1 year are similar to that before the fracture, the utility loss due to the distal radius fracture is more than 0.20 in the first weeks. Most of the utility loss was regained after 3 months. Discussion The results from this study show that the IOF-wrist fracture questionnaire has an adequate repeatability, since the kappa statistic was moderate to good for most questions and quite similar to data obtained with Qualeffo-41 [10].